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On Redhat, run this command lsblk You will see this NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 99G 0 part ├─rootvg-swaplv (dm-0) 253:0 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─rootvg-rootlv (dm-1) 253:1 0 14G 0 lvm / ├─rootvg-homelv (dm-2) 253:2 0 6G 0 lvm /home ├─rootvg-varlv (dm-3) 253:3 0 8G 0 lvm /var └─rootvg-tmplv (dm-4) 253:4 0 8G 0 lvm /tmp sdb 8:16 0 250G 0 diskRead More →

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Environment variable GIT_SSH_COMMAND: From Git version 2.3.0, you can use the environment variable GIT_SSH_COMMAND like this: GIT_SSH_COMMAND=”ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_example” git clone example Note that -i can sometimes be overridden by your config file, in which case, you should give SSH an empty config file, like this: GIT_SSH_COMMAND=”ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_example -F /dev/null” git clone example Configuration core.sshCommand: From Git version 2.10.0, you can configure this per repo or globally, so you don’t have to set the environment variable any more! git config core.sshCommand “ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_example -F /dev/null” git pull git pushRead More →

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This happens when we upgrade my Apache to 2.4.7 , it turns out that we haven’t got removed the old authentication configuration completely, we just remove the require valid user   #AuthType Basic AuthName “My Login” AuthUserFile /var/www/.htpasswd #Require valid-user   The fix is: we have to remove all authentication configuration lines #AuthType Basic #AuthName “My Login” #AuthUserFile /var/www/.htpasswd #Require valid-user    Read More →

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Web/Mail/Database can use the same certificate to allow its client to connect to the server. Postfix: postconf -e smtpd_tls_cert_file=’/etc/pki/tls/certs/cert.pem’ postconf -e smtpd_tls_key_file=’/etc/pki/tls/private/privkey.pem’ postconf -e smtpd_tls_CAfile=’/etc/pki/tls/certs/fullchain.pem’ Dovecot (POP3/IMAP server) SSL certificate settings are defined in Dovecot main config file, /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf (Linux/OpenBSD) or /usr/local/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf (FreeBSD): ssl = required ssl_cert = </etc/pki/tls/certs/cert.pem ssl_key = </etc/pki/tls/private/privkey.pem ssl_ca = </etc/pki/tls/certs/fullchain.pem Restarting Dovecot service is required.   Apache (web server) On RHEL/CentOS, SSL certificate is defined in /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf. On Debian/Ubuntu, it’s defined in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl (or default-ssl.conf) On FreeBSD, it’s defined in /usr/local/etc/apache24/extra/httpd-ssl.conf. Note: if you’re running different version of Apache, the path will be slightly different (apache24 will be apache[_version_]). On OpenBSD, if you’re running OpenBSD 5.5 or earlier releases, it’s definedRead More →

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There are some situation  when we run a time-consuming process, we need to see the output of that command to see its progress. Normally, we would have to wait until the process ends , then we can see the output. The reason for this is because web or standard output normally buffer some contents, it will wait for enough data to print out to the client. To fix this issue, we tell our server/script not buffering anything, print out immediately when it can. Here are some steps that i did in Python. Step1: Tell the server not buffering anything, don’t use gzip ( if weRead More →